Bank of Portraits / Horhun Avram and Fekla, Plikhta (Horhun) Onysiia, Tkachuk Emmanuil, Emma and Lidiia, Pshonyi Maksym,

Horhun Avram and Fekla, Plikhta (Horhun) Onysiia, Tkachuk Emmanuil, Emma and Lidiia, Pshonyi Maksym, Pshona Yevdokiia

Blacksmith Avram Horhun and his family lived in the village Mala Bohachivka in Odesa (current Mykolaiv Region). His wife Fekla and daughter Onisiia worked in the local collective farm. Before the war, mainly Jewish families lived in the village.

Immediately after the occupation of the region by Romanian and German troops, the persecution of Jews began. On October 10, 1941, the occupiers surrounded the village Mala Bohachivka, having arranged searches and pogroms. That day, Avram Horhun noticed a neighbor, Betia Beckerman, who was running to the forest. He brought her back to his house. The girl was hidden in the cellar. Sitting alone, she mourned her sisters Udl and Myra and mother Perl. However, a few days later, one of the sisters, Myra, appeared in the Horhuns' yard. In search of salvation, she ran to her school friend Onisiia. The Beckerman sisters stayed with the Horhun family for a month, hiding in haystacks and on cold days in the house in the wardrobe. Once, when the Jewish women were warming themselves in the house, the local police came there, and only thanks to the ingenuity of Avram, his wards were not discovered.

The occupiers in the building of the former school kept the Jews of the village who survived the October pogrom. Horhun family visited their acquaintances there, brought them food and water. Once, after another visit, Avram brought home a two-year-old boy – the son of the Silin family. Only later did it become clear that the baby was sick with typhus. The whole family was infected. The police came again with a search, but in this situation, Avram could not do anything: he was lying sick in bed. The Jewish boy was taken away, and the host himself was severely beaten for hiding. A few days later, the man died from those beatings.

The Beckerman sisters were lucky to escape. They ran away from the village and wandered through the fields until Lidiia Tkachuk and her sister Yevdokiia Pshona from the neighboring village of Bohachivka saw them and took them home. Their parents Emmanuil and Emma and Yevdokiia's husband Maksym were not against it, because Henia Shahnet and her father and a Soviet soldier who escaped from a prisoner of war camp were already hiding in their house. They were hidden behind the stove, and the Beckerman sisters were offered to wait out the danger in the garden – in a pit for vegetables. During another search, the Jewish women ran away, but the police noticed them and began watching the family. Soon Yevdokiia was summoned for questioning and arrested.

At the end of November 1941, both sisters were also caught. Together with several dozen Jews, they ended up at the edge of the shooting trench in the village of Bohachivka. When the Germans opened fire, the girls themselves jumped into the pit, and at night, they climbed out from under the dead bodies and returned to the camp, where they worked as handymen.

After the war, Betia and Myra Beckerman maintained contact with their rescuers. Having emigrated to Israel in the 1990s, they continued their friendship through correspondence.

In 1997, Yad Vashem recognized Avram and Fekla Horhun and their daughter Onisiia Plikhta, Emmanuil and Emma Tkachuk and their daughters Lidiia Tkachuk and Yevdokiia Pshona, as well as Maksym Pshonyi as Righteous Among the Nations.

Svitlana Demchenko

Kyiv

National museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War

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